Ukulimala Kwemishini – Ukukhiya/Ukuthega: Ukuqinisa Umugqa Oyisisekelo Wokuphepha Kwemisebenzi Yemishini

Ukulimala Kwemishini – Ukukhiya/Ukuthega: Ukuqinisa Umugqa Oyisisekelo Wokuphepha Kwemisebenzi Yemishini
Ezimbonini ezifana nokukhiqiza ngemishini, ukucubungula, kanye nokulungisa, ukulimala ngemishini kungenye yezingozi zokuphepha ezivame kakhulu futhi ezibulala kalula. Amagiya ajikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu, amabhlogo okushelela ajikelezayo, imiphini ejikelezayo, kanye nezinduku ze-hydraulic ze-telescopic, uma zingasalawuleki, kungabangela ngokushesha ukulimala okukhulu njengokucindezelwa, ukugunda, ukubhajwa, kanye nokuthinteka, ngisho nokubeka impilo engozini.Ukukhiya/Ukuthega (i-LOTO), njengendlela eyinhloko yokulawula amandla ayingozi kwemishini nokuvimbela ukusebenza kabi kwemishini, kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuvikela ukuphepha kwempilo yabasebenzi abasebenza kwemishini nokuvimbela izingozi zokulimala kwemishini. Lesi sihloko, esisekelwe ezimweni ezisebenzayo embonini yemishini, siqala ngezimbangela zokulimala kwemishini futhi sihlaziya inani eliyinhloko, amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo okusetshenziswa, kanye nezindinganiso ezisebenzayo ze-LOTO ekusebenzeni kwemishini, kuhloswe ukwakha isithiyo sokuphepha semisebenzi yemishini kwabasebenzi bemboni.
1. Izimbangela Eziyinhloko Zokulimala Kwemishini: Ezihlobene Kakhulu Namandla Ayingozi Angalawulwa
Ukwenzeka kokulimala kwemishini kubonakala kubangelwa yizici eziyingozi ezifana namaphutha okusebenza kanye nokwehluleka kwemishini, kodwa empeleni, izimbangela eziyinhloko ikakhulukazi ukwehluleka ukulawula amandla ayingozi ngempumelelo. Phakathi kwazo, ukungalandeli inqubo ye-LOTO kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko. Uma kuhlanganiswa amacala ajwayelekile ezingozi embonini yemishini, izimbangela ezivamile zokulimala kwemishini zingafingqwa ngezigaba ezintathu, zonke ezihlobene ngqo nokuntuleka noma ukungalandelwa kwemisebenzi ye-LOTO.
Okokuqala, ukulimala okubangelwa ukuqala kwemishini okungalindelekile. Emisebenzini yokulungisa, ukulungisa, kanye nokuhlanza, kudingeka ukuvala imishini. Uma amandla emishini engahlukaniswanga ngempumelelo futhi imisebenzi ye-LOTO ingenziwa, ukuvala nje inkinobho yokushintsha imishini kungabangela ukuthi abanye bathinte inkinobho yokuqalisa ngephutha, imishini iqale kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo, noma amandla abuyiselwe ngengozi, okubangela ukuthi imishini iqale ngokuzumayo futhi ibambe abasebenzi ababesebenza ngaleso sikhathi ezingxenyeni zokusebenza komshini, okuholela ekugundeni, ekucindezelweni, njll. Isisebenzi efektri yokucubungula imishini, ngenkathi sihlanza umgodi oyinhloko wethuluzi lomshini, asizange senze imisebenzi ye-LOTO futhi sacima kuphela inkinobho yokushintsha amandla yemishini. Umqhubi oseceleni kwakhe uthinte inkinobho yokuqalisa ngephutha, okwenza isandla sesisebenzi sibanjwe umgodi oyinhloko, okuholela ekukhubazekeni okungapheli. Izingozi ezinjalo zivamile embonini yemishini.
Okwesibili, ukulimala okubangelwa ukukhishwa kwamandla asele. Ngemva kokumiswa kwemishini, kuvame ukuba namandla ayingozi angakhululwanga ngaphakathi, njengamandla angase abe khona entwasahlobo, amandla e-hydraulic, kanye namandla kagesi. Uma amandla asele engakhululwa ngokuphelele ngenqubo ye-LOTO, ukukhishwa kwamandla okungazelelwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kungabangela izingxenye zomshini ukuthi zisebenze ngokungalindelekile, okuholela ekulimaleni. Isibonelo, ngemva kokumiswa komshini wokucindezela, uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lusenokucindezeleka. Uma inqubo yokukhishwa kwengcindezi ingenziwa noma izingidi ze-LOTO zingaboshwanga, lapho opharetha ehlukanisa isikhunta, ibhulokhi elishelelayo liyawa ngokuzumayo, okubangela ukulimala okukhulu kokucindezela; intwasahlobo yokucindezela kudivayisi yokudlulisa amandla, ngemva kokunquma umthombo wamandla oyinhloko, isesesesimweni sokugcina amandla. Uma ingalungiswa noma ingakhululwa, ingase ibangelwe ingozi, okubangela ukuba izingxenye ziphume futhi kubangele ukulimala komthelela.
Okwesithathu, ukwephulwa kwezinqubo zokusebenza kwehlisa ukuvikelwa kokuphepha. Abanye abasebenzi bathatha izingozi futhi bagweme amadivayisi okuvikela ukuphepha kwemishini okusebenza nge-LOTO futhi bavule izingidi ze-LOTO, okuholela ekwehlulekeni kokuvikelwa kwemishini futhi kubangele ukulimala. Isibonelo, isisebenzi esiseshabhu, ngesikhathi silungisa imishini yokuthutha, asizange senze imisebenzi ye-LOTO futhi sasusa isembozo sokuvikela imishini, sizama ukulungisa ibhande lokuthutha ngesandla. Ngenxa yalokho, isandla saso sabanjwa phakathi kwebhande lokuthutha kanye nesigubhu, okwabangela ukulimala okukhulu; esinye isisebenzi, ngenxa yokujaha ukuqeda iphrojekthi, sasusa ilokhi ye-LOTO futhi saqala imishini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okwabangela ukuthi uzakwabo owayesebenza ngaleso sikhathi alimale yizingxenye zemishini.
Lezi zimo zisixwayisa ngokuthi ekusebenzeni kwemishini, amandla ayingozi akhona yonke indawo, futhi ukusebenza kwe-LOTO akuyona inqubo engadingekile kodwa "into esindisa impilo" yokulawula amandla ayingozi nokuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini, okusebenza njengesithiyo sokugcina sokuphepha phakathi kwabasebenzi bemishini nengozi.