Inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile ye-LOTO enezinyathelo ezi-7 ayikwazi ukushiywa kunoma yisiphi isinyathelo

Inqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile ye-LOTO enezinyathelo ezi-7 ayikwazi ukushiywa kunoma yisiphi isinyathelo.
Ngokusekelwe ku-GB/T 33579-2017 standard kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo endaweni, sihlanganise uhlelo olujwayelekile lwezinyathelo ezi-7I-LOTOinqubo. Isinyathelo ngasinye sinezidingo zokusebenza ezicacile kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha, futhi singalandelwa ngqo ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa okwengeziwe.
Isinyathelo 1:Khomba izingozi, qinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uyaziswa Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, bonke abasebenzi abafanele kumele baziswe kusenesikhathi - okuhlanganisa abaqhubi bemishini, abasebenzi begumbi lokulawula, abaholi beqembu, kanye nabasebenzi abavela ezikhundleni eziseduze. Bazise ngokucacile ngokuthi "yimuphi umshini, iyiphi ingxenye, ngasiphi isikhathi, kanye nohlobo luni lokulungiswa okwenziwayo" ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi abangabalulekile bayazi ukuthi imishini isizongena esimweni sokulungisa futhi bagweme ukusebenza ngengozi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, khomba yonke imithombo yamandla eyingozi yemishini ngokuphelele, njengokunikezwa kwamandla okuyinhloko kwemishini kagesi, izinsiza zamandla egatsha; ama-valve esistimu ye-hydraulic; ama-valve esistimu ye-pneumatic; ama-valve e-steam amapayipi omusi; kanye namandla asele emishini (njengokucindezela okungakakhululwa, amandla adonsela phansi ezingxenye ezimisiwe), bese uwabhalisa ngamunye ngamunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okushiywe.Amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo:Ukwazisa abaqhubi kuphela, ukunganaki abasebenzi begumbi lokulawula, kwaholela ekutheni igumbi lokulawula liqale ngephutha ukuqalisa kwemishini; amandla asele alahlekile, njengohlelo lwe-hydraulic olungacindezelwa, okuholela ekukhishweni kwamandla okungalindelekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza okulandelayo.
Isinyathelo 2:Yenza ukuvala kube ngokwejwayelekile, sebenza ngokwemigomo. Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukwenza ukuvala okuphuthumayo (ngaphandle kokuthi kukhona ingozi ephuthumayo). Imishini kumele ivalwe kancane kancane ngokwezinqubo zayo zokuvala ezimisiwe: okokuqala, yeka ukusebenza kwemishini, vala amaswishi okusebenza afanele, linda imishini ime ngokuphelele (njengokuma kwemoto, izingxenye zemishini ezihlala zingashintshi), bese uqhubeka nesinyathelo esilandelayo.Ngokwesibonelo:Eshabhu lokulungisa ipompo ye-centrifugal, indlela efanele yile: okokuqala, vala ivalvu yokuphuma → yeka ukusebenza kwepompo → vala ivalvu yokungena, linda umzimba wepompo ukuthi uyeke ukusebenza ngokuphelele, kunokudonsa ngqo iswishi ukuze unqume ukunikezwa kwamandla, ukugwema ukulimala komzimba wepompo noma ukukhishwa ngengozi kwengcindezi esele.
Isinyathelo 3:Ukuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba, ukunqamula amandla ngokuphelele Lesi yisinyathelo esiyinhloko se-LOTO – kumthombo ngamunye wamandla oyingozi ohlonziwe, thatha izinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla awakwazi ukudluliselwa endaweni yokusebenza. Izindlela ezivamile zokuhlukaniswa zifaka: uhlelo lukagesi: nqamula inkinobho yamandla eyinhloko, izinkinobho zamandla egatsha, bese ususa ipulaki yamandla (yemishini ephathekayo); uhlelo lokucindezela kwe-hydraulic/umoya: vala ama-valve e-hydraulic, ama-valve omoya, futhi uma kudingeka, faka ama-blind plate (ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwe-valve); ipayipi lomusi/uketshezi: vala ama-valve, faka ama-blind plate, khipha imithombo esele epayipini; izingxenye zemishini: sebenzisa amaphini, izithiyo zokulungisa izingxenye ezilengisiwe (njengefoloko, izingalo zemishini), ukuvimbela amandla adonsela phansi ukuthi angabangeli ukuwa.Amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo:Ukuvala kuphela iswishi yephaneli yokusebenza, ngaphandle kokunqamula ugesi oyinhloko; ukungafaki amapuleti angaboni ngemuva kokuvala amavalvu, okuholela ekuvuza kwevalvu nokukhululwa kwamandla okungalindelekile.
Isinyathelo 4:Ukukhiya ngaphandle, cacisa imithwalo yemfanelo Ngemva kokuzihlukanisa, vala ngokushesha bese ubeka uphawu endaweni ngayinye yokuzihlukanisa (njengezinkinobho zikagesi, ama-valve), umongo walesi sinyathelo “umuntu oyedwa ukukhiya okukodwa, imithwalo yemfanelo ecacile”.
Isinyathelo 5:Khipha amandla asele, susa izingozi Ngemva kokuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba, kungase kube namandla asele ngaphakathi kwemishini (njengamandla kagesi asele, ingcindezi ye-hydraulic, ingcindezi yomoya, ukushisa okusele), kumele ikhishwe ngokuphelele futhi ivalwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini “isimo samandla angenalutho”: imishini kagesi: ngemva kokuvala iswishi, cindezela inkinobho yokuqala imishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mpendulo, bese uhlola ukuthi ukufundwa kwamandla kagesi ku-zero; uhlelo lwengcindezi ye-hydraulic/yomoya: vula i-valve yokukhulula ingcindezi ukuze ukhulule ingcindezi eseleyo ohlelweni, linda i-pressure gauge ibonise u-zero, bese uvala i-pressure relief valve; imishini yokushisa okuphezulu: linda imishini iphole ibe yizinga lokushisa eliphephile ukuze ugweme ukusha; izingxenye zemishini: hlola ngesandla izingxenye ezimisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ziqinile futhi azikho ingozi yokuwa.Amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo:Ukweqa isinyathelo sokukhishwa kwamandla asele, ucabanga ukuthi “ukucima ugesi kulungile”, okuholela ekukhishweni kwamandla asele okungalindelekile, okubangela ukulimala.
Isinyathelo 6:Ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlukaniswa, qinisekisa ukuphepha Lesi yisinyathelo esilula ukunganakwa kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu - ngemuva kokukhipha amandla asele, kumele siqinisekiswe kabusha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kuyasebenza futhi imishini ayikwazi ukuqaliswa.Indlela efanele:Umqhubi uzama mathupha ukuqala imishini (njengokucindezela inkinobho yokuqala, ukujika i-operation lever, ukuvula i-valve), ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini ayinayo impendulo; ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola izingidi, amathegi endaweni ngayinye yokuhlukaniswa, ukuthi ngabe ukukhishwa kwamandla okusele kuqediwe yini, ukuthi i-pressure gauge, ukufundwa kwe-voltage kungu-zero, kuphela uma konke kuqinisekiswa ngaphandle kwephutha, kungaqala umsebenzi wokulungisa.Isikhumbuzo esiyinhloko:Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqinisekisa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abekho abanye abasebenzi abakhona endaweni yokusebenza ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenza ngengozi (uma kukhona amandla asele) ngesikhathi sokuqinisekisa, okungadala ukulimala; ngemva kokuqedwa kokuqinisekisa, bonke abalawuli kumele baqashwe kabusha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini elandelayo ibuyela ekusebenzeni okuvamile.
Isinyathelo 7:Khulula futhi ubuyisele, ngemva kokuqedwa kokuvulwa nokugcinwa okujwayelekile, ungavuli ngokungahleliwe; landela izinqubo ezilandelayo ngaphandle kwamaphutha: Hlanza indawo: Hlola indawo yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amathuluzi, izingxenye zitholiwe, akukho mfucumfucu esele, izingxenye zemishini zifakwe kahle, futhi amadivayisi okuvikela abuyiselwe; Inani labasebenzi: Qinisekisa ukuthi bonke abasebenzi baphumile endaweni yokusebenza futhi akukho basebenzi abasele ngemuva; Yazisa abasebenzi abafanele: Yazisa umqhubi, abasebenzi bokulawula abaphakathi, kanye nomholi weqembu ukuthi "Ukulungiswa kuqediwe futhi ukuvula nokulungiswa kuzokwenziwa maduze"; Umgomo wokuvula: Landela ngokuqinile isimiso esithi "Ngubani okhiyayo, ngubani ovulayo"; Izingidi zomuntu siqu kufanele zisuswe ngumuntu ngokwakhe; Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi abanye bazishintshe; Kuzingidi ezihlangene, zonke izisebenzi kumele zisuse izingidi zazo zomuntu siqu ngaphambi kokuba umphathi womsebenzi avule ngokufanayo; Buyisela imishini: Susa amathuluzi okuzihlukanisa (njengezingcezu ezingaboni, amaphini), buyisela ama-valve kanye namaswishi endaweni evamile, bese wenza umsebenzi wokuhlola imishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini isebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle kwemisindo engavamile, ukuvuza, njll., futhi lokhu kubhekwa njengokuqedwa kwenqubo yonke ye-LOTO. Okwengeziwe: Uma umsebenzi ungaqedwanga, izisebenzi kudingeka zihambe okwesikhashana; Kubalulekile ukuthi umphathi noma umuntu ozothatha indawo yakhe baphinde bakhiye futhi bafake ilebula ngaphambi kokuba izisebenzi zokuqala zikhiphe izingidi zazo; Ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kweshifti, umuntu ozothatha indawo akakwazi ukususa izingidi ngqo; Umuntu ozothatha indawo kumele akhiye futhi afake ilebula ngaphambi kokuba umuntu ozothatha indawo asuse izingidi zakhe; Uma imishini iyeka ukusebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-8, umphathi unesibopho salokhui-tagout yokukhiya.