Qinisa umugqa wokuzivikela wokuhlukanisa amandla ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwemisebenzi yokulungisa

Qinisa umugqa wokuzivikela wokuhlukanisa amandla ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwemisebenzi yokulungisa
Ukuqinisa umugqa wokuvikela wokuhlukanisa amandla nokuvikela ukuphepha kwemisebenzi yokulungisa - Ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kokuphathwa kokuphepha kusuka ekusingathweni kwangemva kwemicimbi kuya ekuvinjelweni kwangaphambi kwemicimbi ngokusebenzisa amazinga ezifundeni eziningi
“Emandleni kagesi, oomatshini, namakhemikhali… Wonke amandla ayingozi kumele ahlukaniswe ngokuphelele futhi aqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukulungiswa!” Emhlanganweni wokukhuthazwa kokuphepha kwemboni yokunyathelisa eSifundeni saseTongzhou, eDolobheni laseNantong, eSifundazweni saseJiangsu, izikhulu zomthetho ezivela emnyangweni wokuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zibonise ngokusebenzisa ukulingisa kubaphathi bamabhizinisi abangaphezu kuka-150 amaphuzu abalulekile okusebenza kokuhlukanisa amandla. Njengamanje, kusukela emapaki ezimboni zamakhemikhali kuya ezindaweni zokusebenzela zokukhiqiza, kusukela ekukhuthazweni ezingeni lesifunda kuya ekulungisweni okukhethekile okuqondene nomkhakha, ukuhlukanisa amandla, njengendlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela izingozi zokugcinwa kwemishini, kuba “umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela” wokuphathwa kokuphepha, okukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kusuka “ekuphathweni ngemva komcimbi” kuya “ekuvimbeleni ngaphambi komcimbi”.
Okujwayelekile kuqala: Ukucacisa imigomo yokusebenza "yokumbozwa kwamandla aphelele"
“Ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla akukhona nje ukuvala ama-valve nokunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla; kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwenqubo ephelele kwawo wonke amandla ayingozi njengamandla kagesi, amandla omshini, amandla okushisa, kanye namandla amakhemikhali.” Isazi esifanele esivela kwi-China Chemical Safety Association sethule ukuthi ngaphambilini, ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa okungaphelele kanye nokuqinisekiswa okunganele, amandla agciniwe ayekhishwa ngengozi, okwaholela ezingozini. Ngakho-ke, amazinga eqembu anjenge-“Iziqondiso Zokusetshenziswa Kokuhlukaniswa Kwamandla Kumabhizinisi Amakhemikhali” (T/CCSAS 013-2022) akhishwa ngokulandelana, echaza ngokucacile amagama, imithwalo yemfanelo, kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza kwe-ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla, enikeza isiqondiso esijwayelekile samabhizinisi.
Ngokuphathelene nomklamo wesistimu, izifunda eziningi zisebenzise imodeli ethi “ukuhlonza amandla aphelele + ukuhlukaniswa okulinganiselwe”. ISifundazwe saseCangxi saseSichuan sikhiphe uhlelo olukhethekile lokusebenzisa, oludinga amabhizinisi ukuba alandele ngokuqinile “indlela yokusebenza enezinyathelo eziyisikhombisa”: ukuhlonza ngokunembile imithombo yamandla yemishini, ukuvala imishini, ukuhlukanisa ngokomzimba, ukubeka izingidi namalebula, ukukhulula amandla agciniwe, ukwenza ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlukaniswa, nokususa izingidi. Lokhu kwakha ukuphathwa kwe-closed-loop. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamandla, kuchazwe izinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa ezinemininingwane: ukuhlukaniswa kukagesi kudinga ukunqamula ugesi nokukhipha, izinhlelo zamapayipi zisebenzisa “ama-valve amabili kanye namapuleti ayizimpumputhe” ukuze kuhlukaniswe, amadivayisi omshini asebenzisa ukuvimba ngokomzimba noma ukunamathisela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi “uhlobo olulodwa lwamandla luhambisana nohlelo olulodwa lokuhlukaniswa”. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimiso sokuthi “umuntu oyedwa ukhiye owodwa, ukukhiya okuzinikele kokusetshenziswa okuzinikele” sichazwe ngokucacile, futhi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi abantu abaningi babelane ngezikhiye zokukhiya. Amalebula kumele abonise ngokucacile igama lemishini, ilokha, umuntu ophethe, isikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana oluphuthumayo, okuvumela ukulandelelwa nokuqinisekiswa kwemithwalo yemfanelo.
Izindinganiso zezimo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ziqine kakhulu. Ngokwezidingo ze-“Safety Specifications for Special Operations in Chemical Production Units” (GB 30871), imisebenzi efana nomsebenzi oshisayo kanye nendawo evalekile akumele ithembele kuphela kuma-valve okuvala ukuze ihlukaniswe; izindlela ezinokwethenjelwa ezifana nezithiyo ezibonakalayo kumele zisetshenziswe ukuvimbela izinto eziyingozi noma amandla ukuthi angagelezi endaweni yokusebenza. Isifunda saseTongzhou sidinga futhi amabhizinisi okunyathelisa ukuthi asungule ama-electronic maintenance kanye nama-inspection ledger emishini, afake ukusetshenziswa kokuhlukaniswa kwamandla ekuphathweni kwe-ledger, afeze “uhlelo ngaphambi kokusebenza, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kanye namarekhodi ngemuva kokusebenza”.