Ezindaweni zokukhiqiza zezimboni, ukuvikelwa kokuphepha kokugcinwa kwemishini kagesi kanye nokugcinwa kohlelo lokusabalalisa ugesi yizinto eziyinhloko ekukhiqizweni kokuphepha kwebhizinisi.I-LOTO (Ukukhiya/Ukuthega)uhlelo, oluhilela ukukhiya nokumaka ukuvimba amandla kagesi ayingozi nokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-circuit breaker, "luyindlela eyisihluthulelo yokuzivikela" yokuvikela ukuphepha komuntu siqu kwabasebenzi nokuvimbela ukuphuma kukagesi. Ngokusho kwedatha, izingozi zokugcinwa kukagesi ezingaphezu kwengxenye zihlobene nokungabikho noma ukuqaliswa okungafanele kwenqubo ye-LOTO. Phakathi kwazo, izingozi ezibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-circuit breaker, njengokushaqeka kukagesi, ama-short circuit circuit, ngisho nemililo, zibalwa ngesilinganiso esikhulu. I-circuit breaker lock, njengedivayisi eyinhloko yokukhiya yokuhlukanisa umthombo wamandla kagesi enkambisweni ye-LOTO, ihlobene ngqo nokukhethwa okujwayelekile kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-circuit breaker futhi iyinto ebalulekile ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwezimboni kanye nabasebenzi bakagesi okumele bayijwayele. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kanye nokwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-circuit breaker ngokombono we-LOTO, kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiya, futhi siphendule imibuzo evamile yemboni ukusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi afane nokusetshenziswa kohlelo lwe-LOTO futhi aqinise umugqa wokuvikela ukuphepha kukagesi wezimboni.
Ngezansi, ngizohlaziya, ngethule, futhi nginikeze izinhlelo zokukhiya zezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-circuit breaker ngokombono wochwepheshe be-LOTO.
I. Ama-Small Circuit Breakers
Ama-circuit breaker amancane ayizinto zikagesi ezivikelayo eziyisisekelo ezinhlelweni zokusatshalaliswa kwamandla ezimboni. Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuvikeleni ngokweqile kanye nokwe-short-circuit, anosayizi omncane, amandla okuphuka aphakathi nendawo, kanye nokusebenza okulula. Yizinto eziyinhloko zokusatshalaliswa kwamandla ezindaweni zokusebenzela zezimboni, emabhokisini okusabalalisa, kanye nemishini emincane. Emisebenzini ye-LOTO, ama-circuit breaker amancane asebenza njenge-node eyisihluthulelo yokuhlukanisa amandla kagesi ngaphambili. Uma engakhiyiwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho, angabangela kalula ukuthi imishini yokulungisa engezansi inikwe amandla ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzi bavala ngephutha i-circuit breaker, okuholela ezingozini ezifana nokushaqeka kukagesi, umonakalo wemishini, njll. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiya ngokomzimba kumele kufezwe ngokukhiya okukhethekile ukuze kusetshenziswe izidingo zokuhlukaniswa kwamandla e-LOTO.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-small circuit breakers:
⑴. Okwasekhaya: I-CHINT, i-DELIXI, ABANTU, i-TENGEN, i-Nader, njll. ⑵. Okwangaphandle: i-Schneider Electric, i-ABB, i-Siemens, i-Eaton, i-Legrand, njll.
a. Izimo zokusetshenziswa:
⑴. Ukuvikelwa komugqa kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamandla emabhokisini amancane okusabalalisa kanye namabhokisi okulawula imishini ezindaweni zokusebenzela zezimboni;
⑵. Ukugcinwa kwezinhlelo zokusabalalisa amandla aphansi ezindaweni zamahhovisi kanye nezikhungo ezisizayo zezimboni;
⑶. Ukugcinwa kwamasekethe amancane amagatsha kanye namasekethe okunikezwa kwamandla ezinsimbi ezinembile emigqeni yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo.
II. I-Molded Case Circuit Breaker
I-case built case circuit breaker inemisebenzi yokuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile, i-short circuit, kanye ne-under-voltage. Inamandla okuphuka aqinile kanye nobubanzi bamanje obulinganisiwe. I-enclosure yenziwe ngezinto zokuvikela ipulasitiki, ezingavimbela ngempumelelo ukuvezwa kwe-arc. Iyingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokusatshalaliswa kwamandla embonini futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuvikeleni nasekulawuleni imishini enamandla amakhulu, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla amakhulu e-workshop, kanye nemigqa ye-trunk yokusatshalaliswa kwamandla.
Njengendawo ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa amandla kagesi ezindaweni zezimboni, i-molded case circuit breaker ixhumanisa umthombo wamandla wemishini enamandla amakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kabi kokuvala iswishi kuzobangela ukukhishwa okukhulu kwamandla kagesi, okuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu komuntu siqu kanye nomonakalo wemishini. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-LOTO, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukukhiya okuphephile ngokusebenzisa izingidi eziqinile ezizinikele futhi uhlanganise ukuvikelwa okuningi ukuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla okusebenzayo.
III. I-Frame Circuit Breaker
I-frame circuit breaker, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-universal circuit breaker, inomthamo omkhulu olinganiselwe, amandla okuphazamisa aqinile kakhulu, kanye nemisebenzi yokuvikela ephelele. Ingasetshenziswa ngogesi nangesandla futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-switch eyinhloko ohlelweni lokusabalalisa amandla lwamabhizinisi ezimboni. Iyingxenye yokulawula nokuvikela eyinhloko yenethiwekhi yonke yokusabalalisa amandla ezimboni. I-frame circuit breaker ilawula umthombo wamandla kagesi we-workshop yonke noma indawo yefektri. Ukusebenza kwe-LOTO (Lockout-Tagout) kuphaneli ye-LOTO kuyinto eza kuqala ekuphepheni kukagesi kwezimboni. Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, ingaholela ekunqamukeni kukagesi okukhulu, ukulimala kwamaqembu emishini, noma ngisho nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha komuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokuqinile inqubo ephelele ye-LOTO futhi usebenzise izingidi ezizinikele ezinamandla aphezulu ukuze kufezwe ukuhlukaniswa okuningi ngokomzimba, futhi kusetshenziswe isimiso esiyinhloko sokuthi “ngubani okhiyayo, ngubani ovulayo”.
a. Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
⑴. Iswishi eyinhloko yokuhlukaniswa kwamandla egumbini eliyinhloko lokusabalalisa izitshalo zezimboni namapaki amakhulu ezimboni;
⑵. Ukugcinwa kwesistimu yokusatshalaliswa kwamandla emabhizinisini amakhulu ezimbonini njengezimboni zensimbi, ugesi, kanye namakhemikhali;
⑶. Izinkinobho zokulawula ukusatshalaliswa eziyinhloko zemigqa emikhulu yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo kanye nezimboni ezihlakaniphile zemisebenzi ye-LOTO.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-17-2026
