Nakuba imithetho yokugcina amarekhodi ye-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ikhulula abaqashi abanabasebenzi abayi-10 noma ngaphansi ekurekhodeni ukulimala okungathí sina emsebenzini nezifo, bonke abaqashi banoma imuphi usayizi kufanele bathobele yonke imithetho ye-OSHA esebenzayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabasebenzi babo."Yonke imithetho ye-OSHA esebenzayo" ibhekisa kumithetho ye-OSHA yenhlangano noma "uhlelo lwezwe" imithetho ye-OSHA.Njengamanje, izifundazwe ezingama-22 zithole imvume ye-OSHA yokuphatha ezazo izinhlelo zokuphepha nezempilo zabasebenzi.Lezi zinhlelo zombuso zisebenza ezinkampanini ezizimele, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi amancane, kanye nohulumeni basekhaya nabasekhaya.
I-OSHA ayidingi abanikazi bamabhizinisi amancane abantu oyedwa (ngaphandle kwezisebenzi) ukuthi bathobele imithetho yabo yabaqashi.Kodwa-ke, laba banikazi bamabhizinisi amancane kusafanele bahambisane nemithethonqubo esebenzayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabo emsebenzini.
Isibonelo, ukugqoka isivikelo sokuphefumula lapho uphatha izinto eziyingozi noma amakhemikhali anobuthi, usebenzisa isivikelo sokuwa lapho usebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme, noma ugqoke isivikelo sokuzwa lapho usebenza endaweni enomsindo akukhona nje okwezinkampani ezinezisebenzi.Lezi zinyathelo zokuvikela zibuye zibe usizo ekusebenzeni komuntu oyedwa.Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwendawo yokusebenza, kuhlale kunethuba lezingozi emsebenzini, futhi ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-OSHA kusiza ukunciphisa lokhu okungenzeka.
Ikakhulukazi, i-OSHA ilinganisela ukuthi ukuthobela i-Lockout/Tagout (imvamisa imelelwa isifinyezo sayo esithi LOTO) kungasindisa cishe izimpilo eziyi-120 unyaka ngamunye futhi kuvimbele ukulimala okungaba ngu-50,000 unyaka ngamunye.Ngakho-ke, cishe minyaka yonke lapho i-OSHA ishicilela khona uhlu, ukungahambisani nemithethonqubo kuqhubeka nokuba uhlu oluphezulu lwe-10 lwemithetho ye-OSHA ephula kakhulu.
Imithetho ye-OSHA ye-federal kanye ne-state lockout/tagout ye-OSHA inika imininingwane ngezinyathelo zokuvikela ezisetshenziswa abaqashi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwenziwa kusebenze kwemishini nemishini ngengozi ngenxa yephutha lomuntu noma amandla ayinsalela ngesikhathi sokulungiswa nokugcinwa.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuqalisa ngephutha, amandla aleyo mishini namathuluzi athathwa ngokuthi “ayingozi” “akhiywa” ngezingidi zangempela futhi “zimakwa” ngomaki bangempela ngemva kokuthi umshini noma okokusebenza kucishiwe.I-OSHA ichaza “amandla ayingozi” njenganoma yimaphi amandla angabangela ingozi kubasebenzi, okuhlanganisa kodwa kungagcini kumandla kagesi, emishini, e-hydraulic, epneumatic, amakhemikhali, namandla ashisayo.Lezi zinyathelo zokuzivikela kufanele futhi zisetshenziswe osomabhizinisi abancane abaqhutshwa ngumuntu oyedwa.
Osomabhizinisi abancane bangase babuze: “Kuzokonakala ngani?”Cabanga ngengozi ephihlizayo eyenzeka embonini ye-Barcardi Bottling Corp. e-Jacksonville, eFlorida ngo-August 2012. I-Barcardi Bottling Corp. ngokusobala akuyona inkampani encane, kodwa izinkampani eziningi ezincane zinezinqubo nokusebenza okufanayo njengezinkampani ezinkulu.Inkampani ine, njenge-automatic palletizing.Isisebenzi sesikhashana efekthri i-Bacardi sasihlanza i-palletizer ezenzakalelayo ngosuku lokuqala lomsebenzi.Lo mshini uqalwe ngephutha ngomunye umsebenzi ongambonanga obeyitoho, obeyitoho wagxotshwa wumshini washona.
Ngaphandle kwezingozi ezimpintshanayo, ukwehluleka ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela i-LOTO kungase kubangele izingozi zokusha okushisayo, okuholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu nokufa.Ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwe-LOTO kwamandla kagesi kungaholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu kokushaqeka kukagesi nokufa ngenxa yokucwiliswa ugesi.Amandla emishini angalawuleki angabangela ukunqunywa kwesitho, okungase futhi kubulale.Uhlu oluthi “Yini eyokonakala?”akunamkhawulo.Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela i-LOTO kungasindisa izimpilo eziningi futhi kuvimbele ukulimala okuningi.
Lapho unquma ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-LOTO ngendlela engcono kakhulu nezinye izindlela zokuvikela, amabhizinisi amancane nezinkampani ezinkulu zihlala zicabangela isikhathi nezindleko.Abanye abantu bangase bazibuze ukuthi “Ngiqala kuphi?”
Kumabhizinisi amancane, empeleni kukhona inketho yamahhala yokuqala ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela, noma ngabe umsebenzi womuntu oyedwa noma umsebenzi wesisebenzi.Womabili amahhovisi okuhlela e-OSHA kanye nesifundazwe ahlinzeka ngosizo lwamahhala ekunqumeni izimo ezingaba khona neziyingozi zangempela emsebenzini.Banikeza nokusikisela kokuthi lezi zinkinga zingaxazululwa kanjani.Umeluleki wezokuphepha wasendaweni ungenye inketho yokusiza.Abaningi banikeza amanani aphansi amabhizinisi amancane.
Ukungaqondi okuvamile ngezingozi zasemsebenzini ukuthi “ngeke kwenzeke kimina.”Ngalesi sizathu, izingozi zibizwa ngezingozi.Basuke bengalindelekile, futhi isikhathi esiningi basuke bengahlosile.Nokho, ngisho emabhizinisini amancane, izingozi ziyenzeka.Ngakho-ke, abanikazi bamabhizinisi amancane kufanele bahlale bethatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela njenge-LOTO ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kokusebenza kwabo nezinqubo.
Lokhu kungase kudinge izindleko nesikhathi, kodwa ukusebenza ngokuphepha kuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende athola imikhiqizo namasevisi awo lapho eyidinga.Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukusebenza ngokuphepha kuqinisekisa ukuthi abanikazi bamabhizinisi nabasebenzi bangagoduka bephephile ekupheleni kosuku lokusebenza.Izinzuzo zomsebenzi ophephile ziyidlula kude imali nesikhathi esichithwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuvikela.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-14-2021