Isexwayiso Secala: Izindleko Ezibuhlungu Zokuhlukaniswa Okungekho

Isexwayiso Secala: Izindleko Ezibuhlungu Zokuhlukaniswa Okungekho

Ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kwamandla kuye kwabonakala kakhulu ezifundweni ezifundwe ezingozini eziningi. NgoSepthemba 2020, ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwefektri yokuhluza eSingapore, ngenxa yokwehluleka kohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwamandla, abasebenzi bafaka amapuleti angaboni ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele kwamapayipi, okwaholela ekuvuza okungazelelwe kwegesi ye-hydrogen sulfide kanye noketshezi oluyingozi, okwabangela ukufa komuntu oyedwa kanye nokulimala kwababili. Umphathi owakhipha imvume yokusebenza wagwetshwa ngobugebengu obungenandaba. Uphenyo lwengozi lwembule ukuthi imvume yokusebenza ayizange iqinisekise isimo sokuhlukaniswa kwawo wonke amapayipi, futhi eminye imithombo yamandla ayizange ilawulwe ngempumelelo, ekugcineni kwaholela emphumeleni odabukisayo.
Amacala afanayo eShayina nawo ayashaqisa. Enkampanini yamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokulungiswa komkhumbi wokusabela, i-valve yokungena kuphela eyayivaliwe ngaphandle kokufaka amapuleti angaboni, okwabangela ukuthi izinto zamakhemikhali ezisele zisabele ngengozi futhi zikhiphe amagesi anobuthi, okwaholela ekutheni abasebenzi abathathu bafakwe ubuthi; efektri yokucubungula imishini ngesikhathi sokulungiswa komshini wokucindezela, amandla angase abe khona entwasahlobo awakhululwanga, futhi imishini yaqala kabusha ngokuzumayo, okwabangela ukuba umqhubi alimale kabi. “Lezi zingozi zonke zinomthombo ofanayo: izindlela zokuhlukaniswa kwamandla ezinganele, kanye nokulindela okwanele kwezingozi zamandla ezigciniwe.” Izikhulu zomthetho zokuphepha ezivela kuMnyango Wezokuphathwa Kwezimo Eziphuthumayo zithi ama-90% ezingozi zokulungiswa kwemishini zihlobene ngqo nokungalandelwa kokuhlanganiswa kwamandla, okuyisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuqinisa ukusetshenziswa kohlelo ezifundeni ezahlukene.
Izifundo ezibuhlungu ziphoqe amabhizinisi ukuba anake. URan Lang, umuntu ophethe iMa Textile Co., Ltd. eCangxi County, uvumile: “Ngaphambilini, besicabanga ukuthi ukucima ugesi kwanele, kodwa manje sesiyaqonda ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa, ukuqinisekiswa, kanye nokumaka konke kubalulekile, okufana nokufaka ilokhi yokuphepha ebhizinisini nakubasebenzi balo.”
Umphumela Wokusebenza: Kusukela ku-“Kufanele Uzihlukanise” Kuya ku-“Ngifuna Ukuzihlukanisa”
“Sicela ubonise ithikithi lomsebenzi wokuhlukanisa amandla kanye namarekhodi okuqinisekisa.” Epaki yezimboni zamakhemikhali, abahloli bezokuphepha bahlola ukufakwa kwamadivayisi okuhlukanisa, ukusetshenziswa kwezingidi, kanye nokuhlelwa kwezimpawu, ohlwini. Ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindinganiso, izindawo eziningi zisungule indlela yokukhuthaza “ukuqeqeshwa + ukuqapha + ukuhlolwa” yokuguqula ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla kusuka “ezidingweni zomthetho” kube “ukuqaphela isenzo”.
Ezingeni lokuqeqesha, izifunda ezahlukene ziqhuba ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile "ngaphakathi kwamabhizinisi, ama-workshop angaphakathi, kanye nezikhundla zangaphakathi", zisebenzisa izindlela ezifana nokuhlaziywa kwamacala, imisebenzi yokulingisa, kanye nemiboniso yasendaweni ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokusebenza elisebenzayo labasebenzi. Isifunda saseCangxi sihlele abaholi bamabhizinisi abangu-70 ukuthi benze izivivinyo zasendaweni zezinhlobo ezi-5 zezimo zokusetshenziswa kwezikhiye, ukuqonda izixhumanisi ezibalulekile njengokuhlonza amandla ayingozi, ukufaka izikhiye, nokugcwalisa izimpawu; Izifundo zokuqeqesha ukuphepha kwemishini ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zeSifunda saseTongzhou zemboni yokunyathelisa, zigxile ekuchazeni inqubo ejwayelekile yokuhlukaniswa kwamandla. Njengamanje, izikhathi zokuqeqesha ezikhethekile ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 zokuhlukaniswa kwamandla ziye zabanjwa ezifundeni eziningi, zihlanganisa amashumi ezinkulungwane zamabhizinisi.
Esigabeni sokuqapha nokuhlola, iminyango yokuphoqelela umthetho isebenzisa izindlela ezifana “nezikhawu ezine kanye nokuvakasha okuqondile okubili”, kanye nokuhlola okuphambene, ukwandisa ubukhali bokuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa kokuhlukanisa amandla. Kumabhizinisi ahlulekayo ukusebenzisa ukuhlukanisa njengoba kudingeka noma angenalo ukuqinisekiswa okwanele, akhipha izaziso zokulungisa futhi enze ukuhlolwa kabusha kungakapheli isikhathi esibekiwe; kulabo abenqaba ukulungisa noma abahlulekayo ukwenza kanjalo, babeka izinhlawulo eziqinile ngokuhambisana nomthetho. Isifunda saseCangxi sifake ukusetshenziswa kohlelo ekuhlolweni kokukhiqiza ukuphepha kwebhizinisi, sikhuthaza abasebenzi abaphambili ukuba bathuthukise imikhuba yokusebenza evamile nejwayelekile; ezinye izifunda nazo zixhumanise ukuhambisana kokuhlukanisa amandla nezilinganiso zesikweletu sebhizinisi, imiklomelo, kanye nokukhushulwa, okwakha umkhawulo oqinile.
Idatha Ifakazela Imiphumela:Selokhu iSifunda saseCangxi saqala ukusebenzisa amazinga okuhlukanisa amandla, inani lezingozi zokugcinwa kwemishini lehle ngo-67%; iSifunda saseTongzhou sinciphise kakhulu inani lezingozi ezifihliwe ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kwamandla embonini yokunyathelisa, futhi izinga laso lokuphatha ukuphepha lithuthuke kakhulu. Amabhizinisi amaningi aqaphele ukuthi ukuhlukanisa amandla akuyona "umthwalo owengeziwe", kodwa "yindlela yokusindisa impilo". Isikhulu sezokuphepha esivela enkampanini yamakhemikhali sithe: "Ngemuva kokusebenzisa ngokuqinileukuhlukaniswa kwamandlainqubo, asikaze sibe nezingozi zokuphepha kokugcinwa iminyaka emibili ilandelana, okuyinzuzo yokuphepha ewusizo kakhulu.” Okulandelayo, zonke izifunda zizoqhubeka nokujulisa ukukhuthazwa kohlelo lokuhlukanisa amandla, zigxile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo kanye namabhizinisi akude ahlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amabhizinisi azokhuthazwa ukuthi asungule ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa futhi akhuthaze izindlela ezisekelwe kolwazi ezifana nokukhiya okuhlakaniphile nokuqinisekiswa okukude, okwenza ukuhlukanisa amandla kube okunembe kakhulu futhi kusebenze kahle. Njengoba amazinga eqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi ukusetshenziswa kuqiniswa kakhulu, ukuhlukanisa amandla kuzoba “isithiyo esiqinile” esivikela izimpilo nokuphepha kwabasebenzi, futhi kuzobeka isisekelo esiqinile sokukhiqiza okuphephile enkambisweni yentuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu.