Ungawakhetha Kanjani Amalokhi Angcono Kakhulu Wokuphepha Wezidingo Zakho

Emhlabeni wokuphepha kwezimboni, izikhiye zokukhiya ngaphandle zibalulekile. Lezi zikhiye zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi imishini noma izinto zokusebenza azitholakali okwesikhashana ukuze zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokulungiswa noma ukulungisa. Isibonelo, ngo-1989, i-OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) yethula indinganiso ye-Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) ngemuva kochungechunge lwezigameko eziyingozi ezidale ukulimala nokufa kwabantu. Kusukela lapho, ukubaluleka kokukhetha izingidi ezifanele zokukhiya ukuphepha kuye kwakhula, okuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi lapho besebenza nemishini eyingozi.

Ukukhetha izingidi ezingcono kakhulu zokukhiya ngaphandle kwezidingo zakho kungaba lula uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke. Okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile kuhlanganisa ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ukuhlola okubalulekile nokuqina kwezingidi, ukuhlonza usayizi odingekayo nomumo, ukucabangela izindlela zokukhiya, nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso ezidingekayo zokuphepha.

Ukuqonda Izidingo Zakho Eziqondile Zohlelo

Uma ukhetha isikhiya sokukhiya ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Izindawo zokusebenza nezimo ezehlukene zidingela izinhlobo ezihlukene zokukhiya ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezifana nemvelo yemishini, indawo lapho izingidi zizosetshenziswa khona, kanye nezinhlobo zezingozi ezikhona.

Isibonelo, izingidi ezisetshenziswa ekusetheni ugesi zizoba nokucaciswa okuhlukile uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo ezisetshenziswa esimisweni sokusebenza. Izingidi zokukhiya ugesi kumele zingabi yindlela ehambisa ngayo futhi zimelane nezingozi zikagesi, kuyilapho izingidi zemishini zidinga ukuqina okukhulu kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu nokulimala komzimba. Ukuqonda umongo wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza kuqinisekisa ukuthi izingidi ozikhethayo zizosebenza ngempumelelo ekunikezeni ukuphepha nokuhambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha.

Ukuhlonza izindawo lapho kuzosetshenziswa izikhiya zokukhiya kungenye into ebalulekile. Indawo ethambekele ekushiseni okwedlulele, umswakama ophezulu, noma izinto ezibolayo zizodinga izingidi ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nensimbi engagqwali noma amapulasitiki aqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda amaphethini okushintsha kanye nenani labasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ohlelweni lokuvala ngaphandle kungasiza ekunqumeni inombolo kanye nohlobo lokukhiya okudingekayo.

Ukuhlola Okubalulekile Nokuqina

Impahla yesikhiya sokukhiya ngaphandle ibalulekile njengoba ithinta ngqo ukuqina nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwesikhiya. Izinto ezijwayelekile zifaka insimbi engagqwali, ipulasitiki, ne-aluminium, ngayinye inikezela ngamazinga ahlukene okuqina nokumelana nokugqwala.

Izingidi zensimbi engagqwali zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zimelana nokugqwala nokugqwala, okubenza bafanelekele izindawo ezinokhahlo. Izingidi zepulasitiki, ngakolunye uhlangothi, azikhonkothisi futhi azisindi, zilungele ukusetshenziswa kukagesi lapho ukuvimbela ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kubalulekile. Amalokhi e-aluminium anikeza ibhalansi enhle phakathi kwamandla nesisindo, afanele ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kodwa angase angakwazi ukumelana namakhemikhali anokhahlo noma amazinga okushisa adlulele.

Ukuqina futhi kudlulela ekumelaneni nokuhlukunyezwa nokulimala ngokomzimba. Okhiye bekhwalithi ephezulu baklanyelwe ukumelana nemizamo enamandla yokuwasusa futhi kufanele babe nendlela yokukhiya eqinile emelana nokutonyulwa nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Ukuhlola izingidi ngokoqobo noma ukubuyekeza ukucaciswa komkhiqizo kunganikeza imininingwane ngokuqina nokufaneleka kwezidingo zakho ezithile.

Ukuhlonza Usayizi Odingekayo Nomumo

Usayizi nokuma yizici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ngoba zithonya ukuhambisana kwesikhiya nesisetshenziswa ohlose ukusivikela. Amalokhi kufanele abe nosayizi ofanele ukuze alingane izindawo zokukhiya emshinini ngaphandle kokuba mkhulu kakhulu ukubamba noma abe mancane kakhulu ukuze avikeleke ngempumelelo.

Izinhlobo zokukhiya ezihlukene ziyatholakala, kusukela kuzitayela zokukhiya zendabuko kuya kokhiye abakhethekile abaklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile njengezinqamuleli zesekethe noma ama-valve amasilinda egesi. Ukukhetha umumo ofanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhiya sizolingana ngokuphephile futhi sisebenze ngendlela efanele ngaphandle kokuvimbela inqubo yokukhiya ngaphandle. Iketanga (ingxenye yelokhi ezungeza indlela yokukhiya) kufanele futhi ikhethwe ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe kububanzi bayo nobude ukuze ilingane nezinto zokukhiya.

Ukubonisana namamanuwali wemishini nokuqonda izindawo zokukhiya kuzosiza ekunqumeni usayizi olungile kanye nokuma kwezingidi, kuqinisekise ukuhlanganisa okungenazihibe ezinqubweni zakho zokukhiya/zokudonsa.

Ukucabangela Izindlela Zokukhiya

Izikhiye zokukhiya ngaphandle ziza nezindlela zokukhiya ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa izikhiye ezinokhiye kanye nezingidi ezihlanganisiwe. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo zalo kanye nezinselele ezingaba khona, okwenza kubaluleke ukukhetha ngokusekelwe ezimfuneko ezithile zephrothokholi yakho yokuphepha.

Okhiye abanokhiye bajwayelekile futhi baqondile, banikeza ukukhiya okuvikelekile ngokhiye ophathekayo. Lezi zikhiya zingafakwa ngokhiye ngokuhlukile (isikhiya ngasinye sinokhiye ohlukile) noma sifakwe okhiye ngokufanayo (izikhiye eziningi zingavulwa ngokhiye ofanayo), kuye ngezinga lokuvikeleka kanye nokufaneleka okudingekayo. Emaqenjini amakhulu, ukuba nesistimu yokhiye oyinhloko kungase kube yinzuzo ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kokugada ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Inhlanganisela yokhiye iqeda isidingo sokhiye, inciphisa ubungozi bokhiye abalahlekile futhi ivumele abasebenzisi abaningi ukuthi bafinyelele izindawo zokukhiya ngekhodi ehlanganisiwe. Kodwa-ke, zidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi yenhlanganisela ayiqageleki kalula futhi yabelwa izisebenzi ezigunyaziwe kuphela.

Ukukhetha kuncike ekulinganiseni isidingo sokuvikeleka, ukusetshenziswa kalula, kanye nokulawula kokuphatha ekufinyeleleni izingidi.

Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthobelana Namazinga Okuphepha

Ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha akunakuxoxiswana uma kukhethwa izikhiye zokukhiya ngaphandle kokuphepha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingidi zihlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-OSHA zokukhiya ngaphandle/i-tagout (LOTO), phakathi kwamanye amazinga afanelekile, kuqinisekisa ukuthi zinikeza ukuvikelwa okudingekayo kubasebenzi futhi kugwenywe imiphumela engase ibe khona engokomthetho ekungathobelini.

Amalokhi kufanele abe nezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha ezimisiwe. Ukubuyekeza izitifiketi zokuthobela imithetho kanye nemibhalo yomkhiqizi kunganikeza isiqinisekiso esengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ukuhlala unolwazi nganoma yiziphi izinguquko kwimithetho yezokuphepha ehambisana nezinqubo zokuvala ngaphandle/zokuphuma ukuze uqinisekise ukuthobela umthetho okuqhubekayo.

Ukuqeqesha abasebenzi ngezinqubo ezifanele zokuvala ngaphandle kanye nokusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwezingidi ezithobela umthetho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufeza ukuthobela okuphelele nokugcina indawo yokusebenza ephephile.

Kafushane, ukukhetha izikhiye zezokuphepha ezingcono kakhulu kuhilela ukuqonda izidingo ezithile zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, ukuhlola izinto ezisetshenziswayo nokuqina, ukuhlonza usayizi odingekayo nokuma, ukucabangela izindlela zokukhiya ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele. Ngokuhlola ngokucophelela lezi zindlela zokuhlola, ungaqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphelele nokusebenza kahle.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha izingidi ezifanele zokuvala ukuphepha kuyisinqumo esibucayi esithinta ukuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphelele kwezinqubo zokukhiya/zokuthinta. Ukukhetha okulungile kudinga ukuqonda okuphelele kohlelo lokusebenza oluthile, ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwezinto zokukhiya nokuqina, usayizi ofanele nokubunjwa, ukucatshangelwa kwezinqubo zokukhiya ezihlukahlukene, nokubambelela ngokuqinile ezindinganisweni zokuphepha.

Ngokutshala isikhathi sokuhlola lezi zici ngokucophelela, ungahlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenza ephephile futhi uqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yezokuphepha, ekugcineni kuholele endaweni yokusebenza ephephe kakhudlwana nekhiqizayo. Izikhiye zokukhiya ngaphandle zingase zibukeke njengengxenye encane yokuphepha kwemboni, kodwa umthelela wazo mkhulu uma ukhethwe ngendlela efanele.

FAQ

1. Zisetshenziselwa ini izingidi zokukhiya ngaphandle?

Izingidi zokukhiya ngaphandle zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela imishini kanye nezinto zokusebenza ngesikhathi sokulungiswa noma ukulungiswa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusebenza ngengozi nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi.

2. Ngiyithola kanjani into efanele yezingidi zami zokukhiya ngaphandle?

Khetha ukwaziswa okusekelwe ezimweni zemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa; insimbi engagqwali yokuqina, ipulasitiki yokungaqhubeki, kanye ne-aluminium yebhalansi yamandla nesisindo.

3. Ingabe izingidi zokukhiya ngaphandle zingasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezingaphezu kwesisodwa?

Yebo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imininingwane yokukhiya ifana nezidingo zohlelo ngalunye ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha nokuhambisana.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezikhiye ezikhiye ngokufana nezikhiye ezihlukene?

Okhiye abafakwe ukhiye ofanayo bangavulwa ngokhiye ofanayo, banikeze lula, kuyilapho okhiye abanokhiye abahlukene banokhiye abahlukile kukhiye ngamunye, okunikeza ukuvikeleka okuphezulu.

5. Ingabe akhona izindinganiso zokuphepha okufanele ngizihlolele izingidi zami zokukhiya?

Yebo, qinisekisa ukuthi izingidi zithobelana namazinga e-OSHA's lockout/tagout (LOTO) kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye imithetho yokuphepha efanele eqondene nomkhakha wakho.